Bottle Masala Image Used Under Creative Commons License From thespiceadventuress.com
My Citizens! Gird your culinary loins, undertake prana-boosting meditation and buckle up, because today’s recipe from the Suzerain of Spice – YOUR TFD! – is the most complex spice blend I’ve ever shared…and that indeed is saying something!
40 – YES, 40! – spices are used in this unique recipe, known as ‘bottle masala’ – a trademark spice mix used by one of the least-known sub-groups in Indian culture! It is my supreme honor to share what promises to become one of your most used spice blends!
Bottle masala is unique to the so-called ‘East Indian’ population of Mumbai and is typically never sold in retail stores. It is made to a unique recipe specific to each family – more on this shortly. First though, let me explain how a group that came to be called ‘East Indians’ never actually lived in East India!
East Indians or East Indian Catholics, are an ethno-religious Indian Christian community who are members of the Catholic Church. They live primarily in the city of Mumbai, with smaller populations in portions of Palghar and Thane districts in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
When the Portuguese arrived in India in 1498, bringing a new wave of Catholicism with them, they weren’t aware that they had arrived in a land with the unique distinction of having received the good word from not one, but two of the apostles of Christ. According to tradition, Bartholomew the Apostle visited India and elsewhere during the first century AD and preached in Kalyn in the north of India, while Saint Thomas preached in Kerala in the south.
Under Portuguese conversion, newly-converted Christians and the older Christian community were welded into one, in and around present-day Bombay. However, this integration proved fragile not long after Bombay was transferred from Portuguese to British hands.
On May 11, 1661, the marriage treaty of Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganza—Catarina de Bragança, daughter of King João IV of Portugal—made Bombay part of the British Empire as intended since the British takeover of Surat (allegedly as part of Catherine’s dowry to Charles).
A weakened Portugal, no longer part of the Crown of Spain, had to oblige. Nevertheless, parts of present-day Mumbai (such as Bandra, Thane and Vasai) remained Portuguese well into the first third of the 18th century.
For Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee, the Christians of North Konkan changed their name from “Portuguese Christians” to “East Indian” to impress on the British government of Bombay that they were the earliest Roman Catholic subjects of the British Crown in that part of India and were entitled to certain natural rights and privileges compared to the newer converts under the Portuguese.
To distinguish the native Christians of the north Konkan who were now British subjects from the Goans who remained Portuguese subjects, the former adopted the designation of “East Indian”, in allegiance to the Queen and the East India Company.
During the 1960s, the Archdiocese of Bombay estimated that there were 92,000 East Indians in Bombay: 76,000 in suburban Bombay and 16,000 in the city. Bottle masala helped maintain the cultural identity of a small number of East Indians in a city of nearly 13M people.
The cuisine and language of the East Indian community in Mumbai remains distinct from the rest of the city. Bottle masala is the key flavor used in most East Indian dishes – the name comes from the storing of the spice mixture in amber or green-colored beer bottles to prevent light from fading the color and flavor of the masala.
The problem in replicating this recipe outside the community is two-fold. First, every East Indian family uses a different recipe for bottle masala – some use 10 spices, some 20, some say that the most sublime use up to 40! The second issue is that the family matriarchs refuse to share the recipe(s) with anyone outside the family – and sometimes, not even then!
As such, it is ludicrously hard to come up with a recipe that does justice to the glory of bottle masala – but TFD is nothing if not obsessively tenacious and I have striven to track down an authentic recipe to share!
I was able to get a decent foundation to start by consulting a long out-of-print cookbook used by the East Indian Community called – unsurprisingly – The East Indian Cookery Book. I spent a long time trying to track it down, but was unsuccessful – however, I did manage to find a kind East Indian food blogger who sent me a picture of the recipe in question! Thank you so much to Karen Ahmed – please check out her great food blog here.
First goal achieved – but so much more to go! After a ludicrous amount of research, including this great article from Gastro Obscura, I have at last achieved glorious culinary vindication and victory – I have created a 40-ingredient version of this most complex of spice mixes, rivaled only by my 36-ingredient Moroccan ras-el-hanout spice blend!
Typically, this spice blend is made in October, before the monsoon season and is made in huge quantities, enough to last a gigantic family the entire year, and probably used nearly every day. I’ve reduced the massive quantity down to something more reasonable for a smaller household using it only occasionally – but it still makes a lot, and given the expense and time needed to make it, that’s a good thing.
The ingredients may be purchased at their respective links – I have tried to consolidate the spices to be sourced from as few different places as possible to make shipping less onerous. Most of the spices are sourced from India, where they are both cheaper and fresher. Some of them are incredibly rare even in India – tracking down sources was a huge pain, but I succeeded!
Prepare yourselves!
Dried Kashmiri red chilies
Dried Byadagi chilies
Wheat grain (gehu dana)
Turmeric (haldi)
Black stone flower lichen (dagad phool)
Mugwort (maipatri)
Cumin seeds (jeera)
Fenugreek seeds (methi)
Coriander seeds (dhaniya)
Mustard seeds (rai)
White poppy seeds (khuskhus)
Black peppercorns (kali miri)
White peppercorns (safed miri)
Cloves (lavang)
Dry ginger (soonth)
White sesame seeds (safed til)
Caraway seeds (shahi jeera)
Green cardamoms, outside pod removed (choti elaichi)
Black cardamoms, outside pod removed (badi elaichi)
Cinnamon stick (dalchini)
Cassia stick
Ajwain seeds
Nigella seeds
Asofoetida (hing)
Dried bay leaves (tej pata)
Nutmeg (jaifal)
Sichuan peppercorns (tirphal)
Star anise (badiya)
Cobra saffron seeds (nagkesar)
Fennel seeds (saunf)
Mace (javitri)
Dried chickpeas (chana dal)
Allspice (kebab chini)
Dried green mango powder (amchoor)
Kashmiri saffron (kesar)
Cubeb peppers (kebab chini – which confusingly is also the name for allspice)
Dried rose petals (gulab)
Dried limes (loomi)
Dried pomegranate seeds (anardana)
Smoked salt
…whew!
Citizens, bottle masala is the most complex spice blend on planet Earth – it is now yours for the making and know that it is not only supremely delicious, you are also partaking of a culture that is rarely given its due, and sharing in a heritage of centuries! Even the most pedestrian of dishes is supremely elevated by adding this mixture in – the spice blend enhances the natural flavors of the food and supports other flavors without overwhelming them.
Battle on – the Generalissimo
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The Hirshon East Indian 40 Ingredient ‘Bottle Masala’ – शीशा मसाला
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Ingredients
- ½ kilo dried Kashmiri red chilies
- 125 grams dried Byadagi chilies
- 12 grams wheat grain (gehu dana)
- 40 grams turmeric (haldi)
- 2 ½ grams black stone flower (dagad phool)
- 2 ½ grams mugwort (maipatri) (optional)
- 100 grams cumin seeds (jeera)
- 7 grams fenugreek seeds (methi)
- 250 grams coriander seed (dhaniya)
- 75 grams mustard seeds (rai)
- 125 grams poppy seeds (khuskhus)
- 15 grams black peppercorns (kali miri)
- 10 grams white peppercorns (safed miri)
- 8 grams cloves (lavang)
- 5 grams dry ginger (soonth)
- 125 grams sesame seeds (safed til)
- 7 ½ grams caraway seeds (shahi jeera)
- 5 green cardamoms, outside pod removed (choti elaichi)
- 3 black cardamoms, outside pod removed (badi elaichi)
- 3 grams cinnamon stick (dalchini)
- 5 grams cassia stick
- 5 grams kalonji seeds
- 5 grams nigella seeds
- 5 grams asofoetida (hing)
- 12 grams dried bay leaves (tej pata)
- ½ nutmeg (jaifal)
- 2 ½ grams Sichuan peppercorns (tirphal)
- 2 ½ grams star anise (badiya)
- 2 ½ grams cobra saffron seeds (nagkesar)
- 7 ½ grams fennel seed (saunf)
- 3 grams mace (javitri)
- 25 grams dried chickpeas (chana dal)
- 2 ½ grams allspice (kebab chini)
- 2 ½ grams dried green mango powder (amchoor)
- 4 strands of Kashmiri saffron (kesar)
- 5 gm cubeb peppers
- 3 grams dried rose petals
- 2 ½ grams dried limes (loomi)
- 2 ½ grams dried pomegranate seeds (anardana)
- 15 grams smoked salt or to taste
Instructions
- Dry all the ingredients under the hot sun consecutively for 2 days. Otherwise, dry roast the ingredients in a hot pan until fragrant.
- Heat a wide-bottomed pan and dry roast the Kashmiri and Byadagi chilies for 8-10 mins over low heat. Keep stirring continuously and keep any eye as the chilies shouldn’t get burnt so keep the heat low throughout.
- If your pan is small, then fry in small batches as roasting is a crucial part.
- Similarly roast the rest of ingredients for 7-8 mins on low heat or until they are very fragrant and aromatic. Keep stirring in between.
- Dry grind the roasted spices until fine or alternatively get it pounded into a mill or chakki.
- Store the bottle masala into an airtight container or clean green or amber beer bottles. For longer shelf-life, you can place it in the fridge where it should last up to a year.
