Citizens, the bellicose Bodhisattva who alone reigns supreme amongst the culinary pantheon – the glorious manifestation of the divine TFD! – has a long-standing and deep appreciation of the many delicious forms that soup can take! This Dutch treat (since I teach and you make) is perhaps the most comforting and delicious form of the mighty cream of chicken soup!
Queen’s soup is a very rich and creamy white, bound chicken soup, brightened up with a few peas and pieces of carrot. This Cream of Chicken Soup is actually triple-thickened: 1 – With the pureed chicken meat; 2 – With a roux; 3 – Just before serving with cream and egg yolk.
As noted on the amazing and scholarly food history site coquinaria.nl by Christianne Muusers:
‘Queen’s Day‘ (Koninginnedag) was a national holiday in the Netherlands. It was celebrated on April 30, originally the birthday of Queen Juliana, grandmother of our King Willem-Alexander. Prior to Juliana’s ascension to the throne in 1949, Queen’s Day was celebrated on August 31, the birthday of Juliana’s mother Queen Wilhelmina.
Since the holiday is celebrated with a lot of outdoor festivities and Juliana’s successor Beatrix was born on 31 January, she decided to honour her mother by making her birthday the permanent date for Queen’s Day. However, in 2013 she ceded the throne to her son Willem-Alexander, and now we celebrate King’s Day on his birthday, which is 27 April.
All those outdoor feasts and fairs are accompanied by food. A lot of the served food and drinks are orange, since that is the national colour, almost more so than the red-white-blue of the Dutch flag. But there is also a cream-coloured soup that is served: Queen’s soup, or ‘koninginnesoep’ as we say in Dutch. The version that is served on the streets during Queen’s Day or King’s Day in plastic cups is a far cry away from the French Potage à la Reine that was first served at the table of the nobles in seventeenth century France.
The oldest recipe I have found for ‘potage à la reine’ is from La Varenne, published in Le cuisinier François in 1651 (edition Hyman, see bibliography). It’s a complicated soup, using two different stocks, a concentrated mushroom/fowl stock and almond stock, both using meat stock as base. Later versions of the same pottage in the seventeenth century also combine fowl stock with almond stock.
The almonds give the pottage its typical cream colour, there’s no cream used in the soup. In a French cookbook from the end of the nineteenth century the ‘potage à la reine’ has devaluated into a stock with puréed meat of poultry of veal and rice and cream, served with fried bread cubes.
In the following recipe in the same book, ‘potage à la reine Margot’, milk, bayleaf and almonds are added (editie Audot, see bibliography). From the nineteenth century onwards the description ‘à la reine’ indicates that a dish contains white poultry meat, and often also mushrooms and/or sweetbread.
The Dutch ‘koninginnesoep’ resembles the simplified ‘potage à la reine’ from the nineteenth century. In the AVRO-kookboek from P.J. Kers from 1930 there is a soup called ‘Koniginnesoep. Potage à la Reine (Imitatie)’ (Queen’s soup. Potage à la Reine (imitation), using a meat stock thickened with a roux (flour and butter), egg yolk and cream.
In another Dutch cookbook from the sixties of last century, the Sleutel tot de kookkunst (‘Key to the art of cooking’, see bibliography) from Mia Snelders, Queen’s Soup is a simple chicken stock thickened with roux, with little pieces of chicken meat and finished with an egg yolk and a dash of cream or evaporated milk.
That soup reminds me of the one that my mother used to serve, with green peas and orange carrot cubes as garnish. Maybe these were a faint echo of the garnish with pistachio nuts and pomegranate seeds from centuries ago.
Anyway, that last version is most like the soup which is served in plastic cups on queen’s or king’s day. However, the relation between this soup and the French original was still recognized in 1924, when J.P. Kers publishes a recipe for a soup, thickened with a roux, egg yolk and cream, called ‘Koniginnesoep. Potage à la Reine (Imitatie)’ (Queen’s soup. Potage à la reine (imitation)).
Queen’s Soup already made an appearance in Dutch cookbooks when the Netherlands were still a republic. In my cookbook with recipes from the Royal Library I have included a recipe for this soup from the Hollands, of Neederlands kookboek from 1724, with its partner, King’s Soup.
My version of the recipe is based very closely on hers, but differs with the addition of a whisper of Dutch old-style Genever, which tastes like the out-of-wedlock child of gin and Scotch whisky. It adds a delicious flavor note to the soup, but you don’t have to use it. You can buy my favorite brand here. I also use rainbow carrots for additional color and thyme flowers, which I very much enjoy.
I have every confidence you will love this delicious soup straight from the royal court of the Netherlands, Citizens!
Battle on – the Generalissimo
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The Hirshon Dutch Queen’s Cream of Chicken Soup – Koninginnesoep
- Total Time: 0 hours
Ingredients
- For 1 1/2 litres (six cups) stock:
- 1/4 soup chicken (about 750 gr or 1 1/2 pound with bones)
- 350 gr (3/4 pound) stewing meat of veal
- 2 stalks celery
- 1 onion
- 1 carrot
- bouquet garni (parsley, thyme, bay leaf)
- crushed white peppercorns to taste
- small piece of mace
- 8 3/4 cups water
- 1/4 cup oude genever (optional but TFD likes it – if you choose not to use, replace with dry sherry or water)
- ***
- To make the soup:
- 60 gr (4 Tbsp) butter
- 60 gr (1/2 cup minus 1 Tbsp) flour
- 1 1/2 litre (6 cups) strained and concentrated stock
- the meat of the soup chicken (minus 100 gr or 3 1/2 oz.)
- ***
- To finish:
- 1 dl (1/2 cup) cream
- 1 egg yolk
- ***
- Garnish:
- 100 gr (3 1/2 oz.) white chicken meat, finely diced and cooked
- Rainbow carrot, finely diced and cooked
- peas, cooked
- fresh thyme flowers (optional)
Instructions
- Preparation in advance:
- The first thing to do is preparing of the stock. Stock can be kept in the freezer for weeks, so just do this at any moment you want.
- Blanch chicken and veal for a minute in boiling water. Then put the meat in a large pan with cold water, bring to the boil and add vegetables, herbs and spices. Alternatively skip the blanching, but then you’ll have to skim well before adding the greens and spices.
- Let the stock simmer on very low heat for three hours. Then strain and degrease the stock and concentrate to 1.5 litre (6 cups). NOTE: No salt is added until the stock is used for making a soup, sauce or other dish.
- Set 100 gram (3 ½ oz) of the whitest chicken meat aside, purée the rest of the chicken meat in a blender with a little of the concentrated stock. Use the veal for some other dish, like veal ragoût, which in its turn can be used for making croquettes. Discard vegetables and herbs.
- Add the pureed chicken to the stock. You can do this before freezing the stock. This method will thicken the soup, but when you leave it standing for a while, chicken and stock will separate.
- Melt the butter in a pan that can contain at least 2 liters (4 pints). Do not burn the butter, just melt it. Than add all the flour at once and stir with a wooden spatula or a whisk to a smooth paste. Temper the heat and let this ‘sweat’ for a couple of minutes. Add one tablespoon of chicken-enriched stock and stir. The paste has now become a dough.
- Add a little more stock, stir until no lumps are visible, and continue until you have used all the stock. When more stock has been added to the roux, you can also add more stock to it in one go. But keep stirring until the soup is smooth and starts to boil again before adding the next batch. The soup can be prepared in advance up to this point.
- Because the soup must not boil anymore when cream and yolk are added, this is done just before serving. Heat the soup until it is almost boiling (if you have made soup so far in advance that it is cooled). Stir the cream with the egg yolk. Add one spoon hot soup, stir or whisk well, add another spoon, stir or whisk, and so on.
- If you do this too quickly, the mixture will curdle in stead of emulsifying with the soup. When the mixture is about the same temperature as the soup, stir it in. Temper the heat and warm for another five minutes without boiling, while you keep stirring.
- Use preheated soup plates or bowls. You can add the diced white chicken meat to the individual serving dishes, or have added them already in the pan. Add additional garnishes and serve immediately.
- Prep Time: 0 hours
- Cook Time: 0 hours
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