Balchão Image Used Under Creative Commons License From deskgram.net
Citizens, we kick off our week of Indian cuisine with a spicy and unique recipe from the smallest of the Indian states – the proudly Catholic enclave of Goa! This shrimp recipe is designed to preserve shrimp in the very hot climate through a large amount of spices, vinegar and chiles – Goa is definitely one of the holy pilgrimage sites for any true Chilehead! This former Portuguese colony still has many influences of that country’s cuisine stamped on its Indian geography!
As noted on vahrehvah.com:
Balchao is a fiery goan seafood delight and is almost like as pickle made either with prawns, fish or pork. The balchao is served with hot plain boiled rice. Balchao is a style of masala (mixture of spices) from Goa in which whole spices like cumin, dry red chiles and a little sugar are soaked in vinegar and ground to make a thick paste.
It has almost a sweet-hot-sour flavor spice mixture used most commonly for pickling the meat and shrimps for a couple of days and then cooked into a dry dish. History states that Balchao was introduced by catholic Portuguese to Goa during colonization.
Balchao originated in Macao (also once a Portuguese colony), where it is called Balichao. Prawn Balchao is one such popular and spicy seafood dish from the Goan cuisine. Balchao is a method of cooking either fish or prawns in a dark red and fiery tangy sauce.
It is almost like pickling and can be made days in advance without reheating. The traditional Balchao uses a paste made from dried shrimp known as galmbo in Konkani but people leave out the dried shrimp paste as it lends fairly strong fishy flavor to the dish hence is often bottled and eaten as a side dish.
There are different versions of preparing the Balchao. In most catholic homes they use coconut vinegar for its acidic sharpness whereas in Hindu families they use cane vinegar to make it milder. These days white distilled vinegar or malt vinegar is commonly used.
The Balchao has a number of whole spices and a lot of whole cayenne pepper, sugar and vinegar. Fish, prawns, pork and vegetables are pickled in this mixture for a couple of days and later can be cooked and reduced like dry curry. This dish is normally served with Bhakri.
Bhakri is popular Indian flat bread made with dried shrimp. Generally Bhakri is dipped in the Balchao and then eaten. Influenced by the Portuguese culture, in Goa, vinegar is used much more commonly as a flavoring and souring agent than in other regions of India.
The rather lavish use of dried red chilies is necessary for authentic flavor, but this fiery spice-enhanced shrimp dish can be cooled down a bit by using Kashmiri chilies too, which are milder than most red chilies, and by seeding them as well. If coconut or palm saps vinegar is unavailable, you can substitute with rice, cider or malt vinegar.
Balchao is more of an Red chille and vinegar mixed paste which is a pickle-like blend of ingredients crucial to many of Portuguese Goa’s meat dishes.
Also omnipresent in Goan dishes is the highly acidic feni vinegar, which reduces the potency of dried red chiles, as does tart tamarind, another key element in this layered, complex, and fiery-hot paste that peppers its way into many of Goa’s curries.
One of the best things about chilling out on a Goan beach is the abundance of beach shacks selling tasty snacks such as prawn balchao and refreshing mango lassi.
My version of this recipe is ruthlessly authentic, with a typically complex TFD spice profile. There are several unique spices and condiments used in this recipe, including relatively mild Kashmiri chiles, the rare and scarlet Byadagi chile, raw coconut vinegar, asafoetida, fresh curry leaves and Indian jaggery sugar. All of these may be purchased via their respective links.
If you dig the spicy, you will LOVE this recipe, my Citizens! 🙂
Battle on – The Generalissimo
Ingredients
- For the Balchão Masala Paste:
- 8 Kashmiri dried red chilies
- 5 Byadagi dried red chilies (or any dried red spicy chilies)
- ½ tsp cumin seeds
- ½ tsp turmeric powder
- ½ tsp coriander seeds
- 1 tsp mustard seeds
- ½ tsp fenugreek seeds
- 4 cardamom pods, peeled
- ½ peeled black cardamom (optional, TFD addition)
- 1 tsp black peppercorns
- 1 SMALL pinch freshly-ground asafoetida
- 6 garlic cloves
- ½ tsp cloves
- ½ inch cinnamon stick
- Raw coconut vinegar (as required)
- ***
- Oil (as required)
- ½ pound / 250 grams shrimp (medium sized)
- ½ tsp turmeric powder
- Salt (as required)
- 2 tbsp raw coconut vinegar
- 5 garlic cloves (thinly sliced)
- 1 inch peeled ginger (chopped)
- 8 curry leaves
- 1 medium-sized onion (finely chopped)
- ½ tbsp. tamarind paste
- 1 tbsp grated jaggery sugar
Instructions
- Apply 1 tsp salt and ½ tsp turmeric powder to the prawns and set them aside for 15 minutes.
- Deep-fry the prawns until they turn slightly brown and hard, about 15 minutes.
- Remove deep-fried prawns into a bowl and sprinkle 2 tbsp vinegar over them. Set them aside to marinate for at least 1 hour.
- Prepare the balchão masala by grinding all ingredients under ‘balchão masala’ using vinegar ONLY (don’t use water at any stage), until a fine paste is formed.
- In a pan, add the same oil that was used to deep-fry the prawns. Lightly fry the garlic, ginger and curry leaves. (Don’t brown these ingredients)
- Immediately add the onion and fry until soft.
- Stir in the balchão masala and fry for 2-3 minutes. Add the prawns and cook (pan uncovered) until gravy thickens. Add sugar, tamarind and adjust salt to your taste. (Balchão has to be spicy, at the same time sweet and tangy)
- Allow it to cool. Store in a glass container. Allow it to mature for at least 1-2 weeks before its use.
- Recipe Notes
- Do not use water at any stage while preparing the balchao (while grinding masala or while cooking it. Just use vinegar only).
- Allow it to mature for at least one week before its use at room temperature or for 3 weeks at room temperature. Then you can refrigerate it for 3-4 months.
- De-seed the kashmiri chilies (for lesser spice for your Balchão, which I did) and grinding the kashmiri chilies along with the seeds makes the masala paste spicier.
